A server is defined as a computer program that services requests to other programs on the same computer or for other computers in the network and their users. The Internet is based on the server model, and there are a number of servers connected to the Internet, directing the traffic of the users. Internet servers provide access to the World Wide Web, allow online chats, stream audio/video files and enable online gaming, among many other services. A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between an Internet user and the Internet.
When a user requests a file download, or a web page, the proxy server provides this service by connecting to the server that can fulfill this request and makes the request on behalf of the user. A proxy server that transfers the information without modifying it is called a 'gateway.' Let's look at some of the types of proxy servers and functions that can be performed them:
• Caching server: A caching server makes copies of all the information that has passed through it frequently. If another request is made for the same information, it can be retrieved from the server itself and there is no need to contact a remote server that may have been the source of the information. This is very useful function in large organizations, as it speeds the process of service by creating a database of frequently used resources.
• Content Filtering server: A content filtering server can be set up to prevent access to certain URLs. This is done in large organizations to exercise security and control over the company's resources. It may also be used in schools, libraries, etc. to prevent access to unacceptable websites.
• Firewall server: A firewall server acts as a measure of security from external intrusion into a company's server.
• Anonymizing proxy server: This server provides anonymity to the user as he is surfing the net since the request for URLs come from the IP address of the server and not the user.
• Intercepting proxy server: Not all uses of a proxy server are to our advantage. People with criminal intent can intercept all information passed on to the user.
• Reverse proxy server: A reverse proxy server is set up in conjunction with a number of other proxy servers. It serves as an intermediary between the servers and the internet. The purposes of installing a reverse proxy server include increased security, ability to encrypt data and to manage the load on all the servers in the network.
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